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Unit 11 Leisure |
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一般现在时(present tense)
时态(tense)是英语中表示时间区别的动词形式。
1.一般现在时的形式
一般现在时的动词形式通常与动词原形同形,但在主语为第三人称单数时,须在动词词尾加-s 或-es。动词词尾-(e)s的变化与名词复数词尾的变化类似。即:
a. 一般情况下加-s。例如:work---works, live---lives
b. 在ss, sh, ch, x, o后面加-es。 例如:dress---dresses, wash---washes, teach---teaches, go---goes
c. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,先变y 为i,再加-es。例如:study---studies, carry---carries
d. 以元音字母+y 结尾的动词直接加-s。例如:play---plays, enjoy---enjoys
2.一般现在时的用法
·表示现在经常、习惯性、反复性的动作,常与表示频度的状语连用。如:
I listen to the radio every morning.(我每天早上听收音机。)
She often goes to bed very late.(她经常很晚睡觉。)
He likes gardening very much.(他很喜欢园艺。)
·表示具有某种特点或能力。如:
My brother studies hard.(我兄弟学习努力。)
He speaks good English.(他英语说得好。)
·表示普遍真理或不受时间限制的客观存在。如:
The earth goes round the sun.(地球围绕太阳转。)
Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧。)
3.动词be 采用一般现在时的肯定句、(一般)疑问句和否定句
肯定句 |
一般疑问句 |
否定句 |
I am a student. |
Are you a student? |
I am not a student. |
You are a student. |
Are you a student? |
You aren’t a student. |
He / She is a student. |
Is he/she a student? |
He / She isn’t a student. |
We are students. |
Are we students? |
We aren’t students. |
You are students. |
Are you students? |
You aren’t students. |
They are students. |
Are they students? |
They aren’t students. |
4.行为动词一般现在时的一般疑问句和否定句
一般疑问句 do 或 does + 主语 + 动词原形
否定句 主语 + do not/don’t 或 does not/ doesn’t + 动词原形
肯定句 |
一般疑问句 |
否定句 |
I work hard. |
Do you work hard? |
I don’t work hard. |
You work hard. |
Do you work hard? |
You don’t work hard. |
He/She works hard. |
Does he/she work hard? |
He/She doesn’t work hard. |
We work hard. |
Do we work hard? |
We don’t work hard. |
You work hard. |
Do you work hard? |
You don’t work hard. |
They work hard. |
Do they work hard? |
They don’t work hard. |
5.动词have 一般现在时的人称变化
I have |
we have |
you have |
you have |
he/she/it has |
they have |
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