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Unit 11 Leisure
一般现在时(present tense)

时态(tense)是英语中表示时间区别的动词形式。

1.一般现在时的形式

一般现在时的动词形式通常与动词原形同形,但在主语为第三人称单数时,须在动词词尾加-s-es。动词词尾-(e)s的变化与名词复数词尾的变化类似。即:

a. 一般情况下加-s。例如:work---works, live---lives

b. 在ss, sh, ch, x, o后面加-es。 例如:dress---dresses, wash---washes, teach---teaches, go---goes

c. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,先变y i,再加-es。例如:study---studies, carry---carries

d. 以元音字母+y 结尾的动词直接加-s。例如:play---plays, enjoy---enjoys

2.一般现在时的用法

·表示现在经常、习惯性、反复性的动作,常与表示频度的状语连用。如:

I listen to the radio every morning.(我每天早上听收音机。)

She often goes to bed very late.(她经常很晚睡觉。)

He likes gardening very much.(他很喜欢园艺。)

·表示具有某种特点或能力。如:

My brother studies hard.(我兄弟学习努力。)

He speaks good English.(他英语说得好。)

·表示普遍真理或不受时间限制的客观存在。如:

The earth goes round the sun.(地球围绕太阳转。)

Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧。)

3.动词be 采用一般现在时的肯定句、(一般)疑问句和否定句

肯定句

一般疑问句

否定句

I am a student.

Are you a student?

I am not a student.

You are a student.

Are you a student?

You aren’t a student.

He / She is a student.

Is he/she a student?

He / She isn’t a student.

We are students.

Are we students?

We aren’t students.

You are students.

Are you students?

You aren’t students.

They are students.

Are they students?

They aren’t students.

 

4.行为动词一般现在时的一般疑问句和否定句

一般疑问句 dodoes + 主语 + 动词原形

否定句   主语 + do not/don’t does not/ doesn’t + 动词原形

肯定句

一般疑问句

否定句

I work hard.

Do you work hard?

I don’t work hard.

You work hard.

Do you work hard?

You don’t work hard.

He/She works hard.

Does he/she work hard?

He/She doesn’t work hard.

We work hard.

Do we work hard?

We don’t work hard.

You work hard.

Do you work hard?

You don’t work hard.

They work hard.

Do they work hard?

They don’t work hard.

 

5.动词have 一般现在时的人称变化

I      have

we     have

you     have

you    have

he/she/it   has

they    have